Vaccine protection decreases over time, so staying up to date on COVID vaccinations is important. Both people who have been vaccinated before and people who have had COVID should get the vaccine.  

If you’ve had COVID this summer, you will have some immunity to the virus that lasts about three months. If you’ve had COVID, you may wait up to three months after infection to get vaccinated but can get vaccinated any time after you feel better. For most people, the minimum interval between their last 2023–2024 COVID-19 vaccine dose and their 2024–2025 vaccine dose is 2 months. Contact your healthcare provider for more specifics.

The updated COVID vaccines from Pfizer and Moderna are mRNA vaccines and target the KP.2 strain of the Omicron variant. The Novavax vaccine is based on an older vaccine technology and was also approved for use. Lab experiments have shown that all updated COVID vaccines are effective against the current strains.  

Anyone 6 months or older can get the Moderna and Pfizer vaccine, and anyone older than 12 can get the Novavax vaccine. 

Medicare, Medicaid, and most private insurance cover adult COVID vaccines. Children can get vaccinated for free through the Vaccines for Children program. Community health clinics may offer free or low-cost vaccines to those without insurance or with limited coverage. 

The COVID-19 virus is constantly evolving. Scientists are monitoring for new strains that may emerge this winter. 

The week of August 24th, a person with significant underlying health conditions was hospitalized for chest pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and weakness. The person was not in the intensive care unit. The patient tested positive for flu, and further testing found that it was a H5 bird flu strain. The patient has since fully recovered.

A person who lives with the patient got sick with similar symptoms on the same day as the case. This close contact was not tested and fully recovered. The timing of both people getting sick does not suggest transmission between them, but could suggest a shared source of exposure. It is also possible that the close contact was sick with something different than bird flu.

There is no known source of direct or indirect exposure for this patient. That includes contact with wild birds, domestic poultry, cattle (including raw milk and raw meat), or other wildlife prior to symptoms. There is no evidence of person-to-person transmission at this time, and the CDC reports that the risk to the public remains low.

The Missouri Department of Health in partnership with CDC is still investigating potential sources of exposure for this case.

Information on if the close contact will be given an antibody test for bird-flu has not yet been released.

When the patient who tested positive for bird flu was tested, they had a low viral load which made it difficult to fully sequence the virus’s genome. Partial results show that the strain is similar to those found in cattle. Additional tests are being run.

Fewer people are getting vaccinated for the flu now than they did before the pandemic. This decline is especially notable in White children and adults. Last year, about 50% of people got the flu vaccine.

The flu can be deadly, and is especially dangerous for young children (under 5), pregnant individuals and adults over the age of 65. However, complications can still arise for people of all ages. Getting vaccinated not only protects yourself, but also protects those around you who may be more at risk.

Everyone ages 6 months and older can get the flu vaccine, and it is the best way to protect yourself and others from the flu. In the 2023-2024 flu season, getting vaccinated for flu reduced a child’s chance of a flu-related medical visit by 65%.

The flu vaccine this year is trivalent which means that it is meant to protect against three different strains of the flu. While there is a new “combo” flu and COVID-19 vaccine in clinical trials right now, it has not yet been approved and is not currently being distributed, and might not be available by the end of 2024.

The flu virus is always changing, and we are still monitoring how the flu will behave this year.

Whooping cough, also known as pertussis, is a bacterial respiratory disease that can be deadly, especially to young children and babies. Early symptoms (1-2 weeks) usually look like the common cold. The next stage of the illness (2-10 weeks) is more severe and includes violent coughing fits that can cause vomiting, difficulty breathing, and fractured ribs.  After recovery (2-3 weeks), people are more susceptible to respiratory viruses for months.

Antibiotics are only effective within the early stages of this disease; once a severe cough develops, treatment is not effective. This is because the bacteria that antibiotics target are gone after 2-3 weeks, and the severe cough is a result of the damage the bacteria already did to the airways. At this point, antibiotics won’t improve the coughing.

Many babies with whooping cough don’t cough, and instead struggle to breathe or have life-threatening pauses in their breathing. For other babies, the illness looks like a common cold throughout its duration. In general, whooping cough is more likely to be severe in children than in adults. Babies under one year old are especially at risk.

The recent spike in whooping cough cases is particularly affecting unvaccinated children. Everyone should ensure they are up to date on their whooping cough vaccine, either DTaP or Tdap depending on age.

DTaP is given to children in five doses, typically at 2, 4, and 6 months, then at 15-18 months, and again between 4-6 years. The letter "P" in DTaP and Tdap represents protection against pertussis or whooping cough. The letter "T" shows they also help protect against tetanus. The letter "D/d" shows they also help protect against diphtheria. 

Tdap is also recommended for preteens around age 11-12 and for adults every 10 years as a booster. Pregnant women should also get a dose during weeks 27-36 of to protect newborns.

Vaccinations for whooping cough are effective but protection wanes over time.  Even if someone gets the vaccine and still gets sick, the vaccine reduces the severity of the illness and reduces the chance of hospitalization.

In 1997, public health officials began recommending Tdap or DTaP vaccines over the DTP vaccine, which was an older whooping cough vaccine that had rare cases of dangerous vaccine reactions. Today, only Tdap and DTaP vaccines are used. We are still learning about the long-term effectiveness of these vaccines.